doi:10.16597/j.cnki.issn.1002-154x.2026.01.003
秸秆碳化装置结构及其控制系统设计
蔡有杰∗ 王超纬 刘丽丽 吴志东 杜国军
（齐齐哈尔大学机电工程学院，齐齐哈尔 161006）
摘 要作者设计了一种将秸秆资源充分利用并有利于环境保护、促进资源合理优化的秸秆碳化装置，对其结构关键部件利用进行了应力分析。同时采用单片机IAP15F2K60S2作为控制系统的中控模块，对碳化装置的温度及湿度实现自动控制，并进行了温度控制仿真。根据秸秆热解特性对碳化箱内部结构进行改进，将秸秆粉碎、碳化等工艺统一放置在碳化室内部，使其在密封碳化室内恒温蒸汽碳化，产生的废气可循环利用，不污染空气，避免秸秆焚烧影响环境。同时碳化室内部的结构简单，在方便送料的同时增加自动排料系统，避免秸秆在碳化室内堆积，提高了工作效率及质量，可有效提高装置使用的可靠性及便捷性。该装置对秸秆原料的充分利用具有重要的应用价值。
关键词秸秆碳化；结构设计；温度控制
Design of Structure and Control System of Straw Carbonization Device
CAI Youjie∗ WANG Chaowei LIU Lili WU Zhidong DU Guojun
(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China)
Abstract A straw carbonization device which can fully utilize straw resources, protect the environment and optimize resource allocation is designed, and stress analysis is carried out on its key structural components. The single-chip microcomputer IAP15F2K60S2 is adopted as the central control module of the control system to realize automatic control of temperature and humidity of the carbonization device, and the temperature control simulation is completed. According to the pyrolysis characteristics of straw, the internal structure of the carbonization box is optimized. The processes such as straw crushing and carbonization are integrated inside the sealed carbonization chamber, where straw is carbonized by constant-temperature steam. The waste gas can be recycled without air pollution, avoiding environmental problems caused by straw burning. The carbonization chamber has a simple internal structure. An automatic discharging system is added to facilitate feeding and prevent straw accumulation, which improves working efficiency, product quality, as well as the reliability and convenience of the device. The device has important application value for the full utilization of straw raw materials.
Keywords straw carbonization; structural design; temperature control